#15
Accession Number: 0015-0000
Common Name: American Holly
Latin Name: Ilex opaca
Family: Aquifoliaceae (Holly Family)
Native Range: Eastern and central United States
Height: 15–30 feet
Spread: 10–20 feet
Bloom Time: May
Bloom Description: Creamy white
USDA Hardiness Zone: 5
Light Preference: Full sun to part shade
Water Needs: Medium
Notes: Attracts birds; tolerates deer, clay soil, air pollution
Description: American Holly is a broadleaf evergreen tree, pyramidal in shape, that slowly matures to usually no more than 30′ in cultivation, but may reach 50′ tall in the wild. Native to the eastern and central US, it is mostly found in moist woods. Although it could be confused with other holly species of the world, it is the only native holly with spiny green leaves and bright red berries. Small white flowers on both male and female trees bloom in May-June, and green berries on female trees ripen to red or orange in the fall. It should be noted that most hollies used in the landscape occur as separate male and female plants; while only the female plants bear fruit, a male plant must be present for pollination. Birds enjoy the fruit that persists throughout the winter, as do human consumers who use the berry-laden branches in festive holiday wreaths and decorations.
